Chapter 3 Part 16
The current sent from an induction-coil through an X-ray tube consists of a rapidly recurring series of brief currents induced in the secondary circuit in consonance with the interruptions of the current sent to the coil from the inter- rupter or break. This secondary current will depend initially upon the strength of the primary current employed; further, upon the rate of interruptions of that current; and, as regards the coil, mainly upon the relative lengths of the primary and secondary windings thereon. It may be recalled that this inductive effect is due to the interruptions of the primary current. The suddenness of those individual interruptions, as well as the duration of actual passage of current in the intervals, will affect the character of the secondary current induced. As already noted, the break in the current produced by the interrupter must be as sharp and sudden as it can possibly be made.
At each ‘make’ of the primary current a momentary current is induced in the secondary circuit in a direction opposite or ‘ inverse’ to that in the primary, and at each ‘ break’ there is induced a momentary ‘ direct’ current of greater power. Those direct currents at break are alone desired in the discharge of the coil for X-ray purposes, the inverse currents, as mentioned earlier, being of damaging effect. The actual E.M.F.’s of the two induced currents are equal; but the current at ‘ make ‘ is more slowly induced, and this delay is increased by nse of a condenser, while at’ break’ the secondary current is induced much more sharply. Thus the currents at break may be said to be in quality more ‘ impetuous/ and manifest themselves as sparks; while those at make are more ‘ deliberate,’ and fail to form sparks under ordinary circumstances. Where the potential of the primary current exceeds 50 volts, however, the effect of these ‘ make’ or inverse currents becomes noticeable in the fluorescence of the X-ray tube. This effect is marked by a flickering, greenish fluorescence in the hemisphere of the tube ordinarily free from illumination.
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Tom Thym on December 13th 2009 in x-ray
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